What type of electricity does a split-ring commutator convert?

A split-ring commutator is an essential component used in certain types of electric motors and generators, particularly in DC (direct current) machines. Its primary purpose is to ensure that the current flowing through the coil of the motor or generator is always in the same direction, thus converting the alternating current that naturally occurs in some types of machinery into unidirectional current.

In the operating cycle of such a machine, the split-ring commutator reverses the connections of the coil to the external circuit every half turn, effectively rectifying the AC produced in the coil to produce a usable DC output. This is crucial for applications that require consistent power and directionality, typical of DC motors. By reversing the connection points at the right time, the commutator allows the output to be direct current, hence the conversion from alternating current to direct current. This mechanism is fundamental in achieving the desired performance from motors and generators that rely on these principles.