What effect does over-compounding have on an elevator during ascent?

When an elevator experiences over-compounding during ascent, it means that the mechanical advantage provided by the pulley system is being maximized beyond the normal operating range. This situation can lead to an increase in speed when the elevator is loaded.

Specifically, over-compounding allows the gravitational force acting on the elevator car (when it is loaded) to interact with the lift system's design in such a way that the car accelerates more than intended. In practical terms, this could lead to unsafe operating conditions, including the potential for overspeed situations, which can pose serious risks to safety and operational stability.

Understanding the mechanics at play, it's crucial for elevator systems to be adjusted to work within their designed limits. Properly maintaining balance in the system prevents excessive speed changes, ensuring safe and efficient operation. The other options either suggest a decrease in speed, maintenance of constant speed, or an increase in speed when empty, which do not accurately describe the dynamics of over-compounding in this context.